Crane Brake

Crane Brake

 

Mobile cranes, also known as cranes, cranes, and cranes, are the general term for cranes, which are basically the same as what we call gantry cranes.
 

There are two basic forms: one is centralized drive, which uses a motor to drive the drive wheels on both sides of the transmission shaft; the other is independent drive, which uses a motor to drive the drive wheels on both sides.
 

The "trinity" drive mode of brake, reducer and motor is commonly used in small and medium bridge cranes.
 

In order to facilitate installation and adjustment, universal couplings are often used in ordinary bridge cranes.
 

At present, in order to improve the working performance of the driver, there are many working methods, such as wireless remote control, buttons, joysticks, etc.

 

10 ton single girder crane braking principle:
 

1. Power off and demagnetize, and the brake pads will reset under the action of springs. When there is a brake on the tail of the motor, when the brake is opened and closed, the brake closes as a brake.
 

2. In order for the safety management system of the crane to operate safely and reliably, the mechanical brake must play an effective role, relax properly, and brake the rated load reliably at full speed without external assistance such as electric braking.
 

 

How the brake motor works:
 

1. When the brake motor starts, the brake motor obtains 198v DC through a 220V AC rectifier.
 

At this time, the armature is electromagnetically attracted, the brake disc is in a rotatable state, but the brake motor can rotate freely.
 

When the brake motor is de-energized, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the armature is supported by the spring immediately, so that the brake disc and the motor back cover are pressed together and stop rotating.
 

2. There is an electromagnetic brake at the end of the motor.
 

When the motor starts, the electromagnetic brake is also on the electric suction cup.
 

When the electromagnetic brake does not brake the motor, when the motor is cut off, the electromagnetic brake is also cut off, and the motor stops under the action of the spring.
 

The brake is an important safety component of the bridge crane. It has the functions of preventing the hanging objects from falling and realizing parking. Only a good brake can guarantee the accuracy and safe production of the crane. During the operation of the crane, the brake will have insufficient braking force, The brake suddenly fails, the temperature of the brake wheel is too high, the brake pad smokes, the brake arm cannot be opened and other mechanical failures.

 

The reasons for these mechanical failures are analyzed as follows:
 

1. Excessive wear of the brake band or brake wheel; small parts of the brake band fall off; the main spring is adjusted too loosely; there is grease between the brake band and the brake wheel; There are parts with excessive wear; the lock nut is loose and the whole tie rod is loose; the impeller of the hydraulic push rod release device does not rotate flexibly;
 

2. The brake pads are serious or a large piece falls off, or the long-stroke electromagnet is stuck, the main spring fails, or the main parts of the brake are damaged;
 

3. The gap between the brake and the gasket is adjusted too large or too small;
 

4. The hinge is stuck or the braking torque is adjusted too large, or the cylinder of the hydraulic push rod brake release is short of oil and mixed with air, or the grease used for the hydraulic push rod brake release does not meet the requirements, or the brake pads There is dirt between the brake wheel and the brake wheel.
 

Precaution
 

Regularly check and maintain the brakes. The brakes of the lifting mechanism must be once a shift, and the brakes of the operating mechanism must be once a day. The main inspections are as follows:
 

1. Whether there is any stagnation and wear at the hinge, and whether there is any looseness at each fastening point;
 

2. Whether the action of each movable part is normal;
 

3. Whether the hydraulic system is normal;
 

4. Whether the wear between the brake wheel and the brake band is normal and whether it is clean.
 

Determine whether the brake is normal according to the inspection situation, resolutely put an end to running with disease, and regularly lubricate and maintain the brake. In order to ensure the safe operation of the crane, the brake must be adjusted frequently to ensure the working requirements of the corresponding mechanism.
 

Precautions for Brake Installation
 

The brake is usually installed on the high-speed shaft of the mechanism (the motor shaft or the input shaft of the reducer), and some brakes are installed on the low-speed shaft or drum to prevent objects from falling when the transmission system breaks the shaft. The former can reduce the size of the brake due to the small braking torque; the latter can increase safety and prevent the load-bearing parts of the transmission system from being damaged and causing objects to fall.

 

During the safety inspection of the starting machine, the following requirements must be confirmed:
 

1. For power-driven cranes, the lifting, luffing, running, and rotating mechanisms must be equipped with brakes;
 

2. The brakes of hoisting mechanism and luffing mechanism must be normally closed brakes;
 

3. For the hoisting mechanism for hoisting hot metal or other dangerous goods, and the hoisting mechanism for which an accident may cause major danger or loss, each independent driving device shall be equipped with two sets of supporting brakes.
 

4. For human-driven cranes, the hoisting mechanism and luffing mechanism must be equipped with brakes or stoppers;

 

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